Ankle
Ankle pain can be very annoying. This pain greatly affects the gait pattern and can
reduce the amount of daily activities. The ankle pains for many reasons. Ankle
pain can be acute or chronic, and it can be accompanied by motion limitation or
swelling. One of the most common causes of ankle pain is arthritis or ankle joint
wearing away. The ankle joint wearing away is usually caused by previous injuries
to the ankle. For example, incorrect coalesce of the ankle joints fractures can cause
arthritis and wearing away. The disease is usually accompanied by pain, motion
limitations and swelling in the ankle.
Osteochondritis Dissecan is a joint disorder in which part of the bone is not
provided by sufficient blood supply and this part develops necrosis.
Osteochondritis Dissecan can cause ankle pain and swelling. Pain in the front or
back part of the ankle joint can be due to impingement or posterior or interior talar
impingement. It is caused by the impingement ankle’s soft tissue between the
bones.

Pain around the ankle can be due to following reasons
In tarsal coalition condition, multiple anklebones stick together. It can cause ankle
pain and motion limitations.
In sinus tarsi syndrome (STS), pain develops in the front part of the external ankle.
The pain gets worse by putting pressure on this location.
Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) is caused by pressure on the posterior tibial nerve
behind the internal ankle, causing pain and numbness in the inner surface of the
ankle and foot.
Peroneal tendonitis is a disease caused by inflammation of the peroneal tendon.
The tendon passes through the posterior part of outer ankle. Excessive stretching
that occurs to the ankle during exercise or false movements usually causes this
inflammation. Peroneal tendonitis causes pain on the outer part of the ankle and
posterior part of the external ankle. This pain can be associated with swelling in the
same location.
In semi-subluxation (dislocation of the peroneal tendons), this tendon repeatedly
displaces in the posterior part of the external ankle. This displacement causes pain
and, in some cases, swelling in the posterior part of the external ankle.

Pain in the ankle can be caused by Achilles tendon problems.
Achilles tendonitis is caused by inflammation of this tendon where it connects to
the heel bone. In Achilles tendonitis, the pain is felt at the back of the ankle,
slightly above the heel bone.
In Achilles bursitis (also called retrocalcaneal bursitis), the back of the heel bone
stands out and becomes painful. The disease is caused by inflammation of the
bursitis of the back heel boe.
Acute ankle pain can be caused by injuries to it. These injuries can cause fractures
of the anklebones, joint dislocation, or damage to the soft tissue around the ankle
(like ankle sprain or Achilles tendon rupture).